How often does mail arrive at the local Starport?
How often do Boats run?
Varies widely. There is no "set standard" for how quickly mail can circulate through interstellar shipping.
If you're talking XBoats, my default assumptions is that they circulate between star systems within 4 parsecs on the routes (nevermind the lines on the map, which are a simplification of how the system actually works in circulation) on a basis of at least 2 jumps per week per connection. Some locations will only have a single connection within 4 parsecs (
Garda-Vilis/Vilis in the Spinward Marches, for example) while others can have seven or even more (such as
Risek/Rhylanor in the Spinward Marches).
So LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION ... along with Population, Population, Population ... is going to be a very heavy determining factor in how often mail arrives at the local starport. Locations with lots of crossover traffic and high(er) populations will tend to get more mail deliveries, since they'll be "hub" location points for all kinds of pass through of stuff.
In terms of 5 ton Mail Vault for moving mail around on a commercial basis, it really depends on how often interstellar ships want to go to a particular star system. Backwater worlds with low population (Pop: 4-) are going to be "bad for business" in CT in both the cargo freight volume and passenger ticket senses, meaning that a trip to such worlds can easily result in losses rather than profits for a merchant operator. Consequently, such destinations will tend to be avoided by starships that "can't afford the trip" and expect to make a profit on the run. This is where dedicated Courier ships come into the picture ... which, incidentally, is where I started my starship design efforts here on these boards.
If you can "right size" a starship such that it can
reliably turn a profit on a mere Cr25,000 in revenues per jump after paying for crew salaries, annual overhaul maintenance, life support, fuel, and berthing fees every jump ... you'll have a Mail Courier (likely subsidized) that can service the backwater worlds (Population: 0-4) and face remarkably little competition in those market segments (aside from pirates, so a powerful maneuver drive is recommended!). Any "spare" revenue tonnage capacity (most likely cargo hold rather than passengers) then simply gets used for freight and speculative goods to help pad out the bottom line.
Problem is, it's HARD to build a starship
small enough to operate profitably on such a limited revenue stream (Cr25,000 per jump is TIGHT!) regardless of other circumstances. It CAN be done, but crew and life support overhead costs eat into the profit returns on that revenue stream FAST.